China has pledged to the world to achieve carbon peak in 10 years and carbon neutrality in 30 years. This is an extremely arduous task, as it faces numerous challenges, including high energy consumption, heavy reliance on coal within its energy mix, and a large base of carbon emissions that must be controlled. To this end, it is necessary to advance the new energy security strategy of “Four Revolutions, One Cooperation” to a deeper level. According to interpretations from various parties, the new energy system is preliminarily summarized to have six features: new energy structure, new system form, new industrial system, new governance system, new system and mechanism, and new regulatory method. Considering building a new energy system comprehensively, “Ten Commitments” have been proposed to help achieve the dual-carbon goals. The specific measures include: ensuring the security and stability of energy supply, accelerating the transformation to green and low-carbon energy, giving priority to energy conservation and efficiency improvement, promoting multi-energy complementation and synergistic and integrated development, enhancing the digital intelligence level in the energy industry, developing centralized and distributed energy, advancing the rural energy revolution, developing critical and core technological equipment and the comprehensive energy service industry, and promoting high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative.

Chinese-style modernization emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and actively yet prudently promotes carbon peak and carbon neutrality. It delves deeply into the energy revolution, upholding the following principles: the “independence” of energy production, the “green” energy supply, the “security” of energy reserves, the “efficiency” of energy consumption, the “intelligence” of energy management, and the “economy” of energy costs. Efforts are being made to accelerate the planning and construction of a new type of energy system that is green and smart, with new energy, new electricity, new stored energy, and new smart energy as the mainstays, to ensure energy security. Currently, China is an energy power but not an energy superpower, and its energy consumption structure still needs further optimization. China’s new energy security strategy is composed of energy consumption revolution, energy supply revolution, energy technology revolution, and energy system revolution, complemented by comprehensive strengthening of international cooperation. This approach is aimed at advancing China’s energy revolution and transforming the nation’s energy supply pattern and shifting from a consumption mix in 2022, wherecarbon-intensive fossil fuels accounted for over 80% and CO2 emissions from carbon-based energy sources made up over 80%, to a scenario by 2060 where non-carbon new energy consumption exceeds 80% and CO2 emissions are reduced by more than 80%. Accelerating the new energy revolution is a strategic choice for building an energy superpower, achieving China’s energy independence, and national rejuvenation. It is of great significance for realizing the “dual carbon” goals, constructing a new type of green energy system, and establishing a green ecological Earth.

This paper delves into the current application, challenges, and demands of data governance in the oil and gas industry, as well as methods and implementation strategies to enhance data governance efficacy through the latest technologies such as large language models and algorithm optimization. Through the analysis of the current application status of large language models in intelligent data classification, data quality improvement, knowledge extraction and management, and intelligent search and information retrieval, the main challenges and demands faced by the petroleum and petrochemical industry in data governance have been revealed. A set of data governance optimization solutions tailored for the oil and gas industry has been proposed. These solutions aim to address the current data management challenges in the industry through advanced data processing technologies and algorithmic optimization, enhance the efficiency and quality of data governance, and thereby support the digital transformation and development of the oil and gas industry.

Focused on “energy security”, US energy policies have undergone a multi-stage evolution. The main line has shifted from ensuring the oil and gas supply to achieving energy independence, and then to diversified development under a broader concept of energy security. The development path of US oil and gas companies is guided and influenced by series of policies. Represented by ExxonMobil and Chevron, US oil companies are maintaining a long commitment to the oil and gas business, especially unconventional resources such as shale gas and shale oil. Different from their European counterparts, US oil companies have chosen CCS/CCUS as their primary method for achieving carbon neutrality. As for the new energy business, the US oil giants are showing more interest in raw materials such as lithium resources rather than the power generation business.

At present, China is facing new strategic opportunities as well as risks and challenges in its development. Faced with the challenges brought by current global major risks, China urgently needs to build a group of world-class enterprises as ballast stones. Accelerating the development of a number of world-class enterprises is an important support for China to enhance its comprehensive strength and international competitiveness, and is crucial for the realization of the strategic blueprint for socialist modernization. After more than forty years of reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have rapidly developed and grown stronger, with their position rising and their influence in the global market increasing continuously. However, Chinese enterprises are “large in size but not yet strong enough”. In this context, this paper systematically analyzes the practical significance and theoretical connotation of building world-class enterprises and the status quo of building world-class enterprises in China and takes CNOOC as an example to deeply analyze the practices of large central enterprises to build world-class enterprises at the levels of group and subsidiaries, providing a reference for Chinese enterprises to accelerate their progress towards worldclass enterprises.

In 2023, China’s natural gas sector experienced robust growth in both supply and demand dynamics, as consumption regained an upward trend, reaching 394.53 billion m3, reflecting a 7.6% year-on-year surge. Domestic gas production and reserves persistently progressed, hitting a production volume of 228.84 billion m3 and achieving a seven-year consecutive increment exceeding 10 billion m3. After an initial sharp decline, imported natural gas rebounded to record growth; the combined import volume of pipeline gas and LNG climbed to 163.92 billion m3, a notable 11.3% rise compared to the previous year. As China’s policies for stable economic growth are further entrenched in 2024, the macroeconomic recovery is anticipated to continue. Bolstered by the dual-carbon strategy and the transformative policies targeting high-energy-consuming industries, the natural gas market is expected to sustain its rapid expansion, with estimated growth in demand ranging between 5.8% and 7.1%.